Caring for a new puppy involves attention, patience, consistency, and love. Here are the most important aspects to focus on in training, feeding, and healthcare:
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1. Training
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Socialization
- When: Begin as early as 7–8 weeks.
- What: Expose your puppy to people, animals, environments, sounds, and experiences.
- Why: Builds confidence and reduces fear-based behavior later.
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House Training
- Consistency is key.
- Take them outside frequently: after meals, naps, and play.
- Praise and reward when they go in the right place.
- Accidents happen—clean up with an enzyme cleaner and avoid punishment.
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Basic Commands
- Start with: Sit, Stay, Come, Down, Leave it.
- Use positive reinforcement: treats, toys, praise.
- Keep sessions short (5–10 min), fun, and regular.
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Crate Training
- A crate can be a safe space, not a punishment.
- Helps with potty training and preventing destructive behavior.
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2. Feeding
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High-Quality Puppy Food
- Choose a commercial food labeled for puppies (AAFCO-approved).
- Different sizes/breeds may need specific formulas.
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Feeding Schedule
- Puppies under 6 months: 3–4 meals per day.
- 6–12 months: gradually transition to 2 meals/day.
- Consistent timing helps with digestion and routine.
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Portion Control
- Follow vet/label guidelines based on breed, weight, and activity.
- Avoid free feeding to prevent obesity.
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Avoid These Foods
- Chocolate, grapes, onions, garlic, xylitol, cooked bones, raw dough.
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3. Healthcare
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Veterinary Visits
- First checkup within a few days of adoption.
- Discuss vaccines, deworming, flea/tick prevention, microchipping.
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Vaccination Schedule
- Core vaccines typically start at 6–8 weeks and continue every 3–4 weeks until about 16 weeks.
- Common vaccines: Distemper, Parvo, Hepatitis, Rabies.
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Spaying/Neutering
- Often done around 6 months, but timing can vary based on breed/size.
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Teething and Chewing
- Provide safe chew toys.
- Redirect chewing from furniture/shoes to appropriate items.
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Grooming
- Brush regularly—even short coats.
- Bathe only when needed (puppy-safe shampoo).
- Trim nails, clean ears, brush teeth.
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4. Mental and Physical Stimulation
- Puppies need daily exercise and play.
- Rotate toys and include interactive ones (e.g., treat puzzles).
- Mental enrichment helps reduce boredom-based behaviors.
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5. Bonding and Patience
- Spend quality time every day.
- Be calm, clear, and consistent with commands and discipline.
- Puppies thrive on structure, affection, and patience.